关于英语词根Epi和Pro的发展历史。

Epimetheus (Greek: ?πιμηθε, which might mean "hindsight", literally "afterthinker"was the brother of Prometheus (traditionally interpreted as "foresight", literally "fore-thinker")

epi is from Greek and also used in Latin. Appears in original Greek bible and then appeared in old English translation bible.

epi- on, upon Ancient Greek ?πι- (epi-), upon, on,outside, outside of Epicardium,epidermis, epidural, episclera, epistaxis, epicenter, epitaph,episode, epistle

medical definition of epiupon <epibulbar> : besides<epiphenomenon> : attached to <epididymis> : outer <epiblast>: after <epigenesis>

on; upon; above;over: epidermis, epicentre

in addition to:epiphenomenon

after: epigenesis,epilogue

near; close to:epicalyx

epi-, ep-

(Greek: above, over, on, upon; besides; in addition to; toward; among)

Greek prepositions:Epi (Genitive, Dative,

Accusative)

1. With Genitive

a. Spatial: on, upon, at near

b. Temporal: in the time of, during

c. Cause: on the basis of

2. With Dative

a. Spatial: on, upon, against, at, near

b. Temporal: at, at the time of, during

c. Cause: on the basis of

3. With Accusative

a. Spatial: on, upon, to, up to, against

b. Temporal: for, over a period of

on,upom,above,over: epidermis, epicentre

in addition to: epiphenomenon

after: epigenesis, epilogue

near, close to: epicalyx

epibasal

Upper segment of a zygote or embryo, ultimately giving rise to the shoot.

epibasidium

The part of a heterobasidium which bears sterigmata and is separated by a septum from the hypobasidium.

epibenthic

The community of organisms living at the surface of the sea bed or lake floor.

epibenthos

1. The community of organisms living at the surface of the sea bed or lake floor.

2. Fauna and flora of sea-bottom between low-water mark and hundred-fathom line or the 200-meter line.

epibiont

1. Living attached to another organism.

2. Surviving, applied to endemic species that are relics of a former

flora or fauna; growing on the exterior of living organisms; living on a

surface, as of the sea bottom.

An antonym is hypobiotic.

epibiontic

Living attached to another organism without any connotation of mutualism.

Urchins and grazing fishes feed on epibionts of reefs and often scrape off bits of calcium carbonate; resulting in bioerosion.

epibiosis

Either the condition of those organisms that live on the surface

of another organism or those benthic organisms that live on the surface

of bottom mud.

epibiotic

Living attached to another organism; such as, fungus.

epiblast

The outer layer of a gastrula in the embryo of some grasses, a

small structure opposite the scutellum, thought to be a rudimentary

cotyledon.

epibolic

epicalyx

Epidemiology: epi,upon;demos,people; logy, study. Epidemiologyis, thus, the study of what is upon the people.

pro- before(in[physical] position or time), in front of Greek πρ? (pro) prologue, prostate, prorate, procephalic

pro- for, forward Latin pro procrastinate,propulsion, propel,projection, project, propose,proactive